Glass is made from sand! 🌊 When sand gets very, very hot, it melts and turns into a liquid. Then, when it cools down, it becomes hard and clear like the glass we see every day. �
People use glass to make windows, bottles, and even pretty decorations! ✨
Glass is made mostly from sand (which is mostly silica), along with some other ingredients like soda ash and limestone. 🔥 When these materials are heated to very high temperatures (around 1700°C!), they melt together into a liquid. When this liquid cools, it hardens into glass! 🪟
Glass is special because it’s transparent (you can see through it) and can be shaped into many things—like windows, mirrors, and even phone screens! 📱
Glass is primarily made from silica (silicon dioxide, found in sand), along with soda ash (sodium carbonate) and limestone (calcium carbonate). These materials are melted together in a furnace at temperatures around 1700°C (3092°F)! 🔥 The soda ash lowers the melting point of silica, and the limestone makes the glass more durable.
Once melted, the liquid glass can be shaped (by blowing, pressing, or molding) and then cooled slowly to prevent cracking—a process called annealing. Glass is amorphous, meaning its molecules are not arranged in a regular pattern like crystals, which is why it’s transparent! 🔍
Different types of glass (like tempered or stained glass) are made by adding other chemicals or treatments. For example, adding boron makes heat-resistant glass (like Pyrex)! 🧪